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transformers/docs/source/ja/tasks/question_answering.md
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first commit
2026-06-05 16:53:03 +08:00

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これでモデルのトレーニングを開始する準備が整いました。 [`AutoModelForQuestionAnswering`] を使用して DitilBERT をロードします。
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoModelForQuestionAnswering, TrainingArguments, Trainer
>>> model = AutoModelForQuestionAnswering.from_pretrained("distilbert/distilbert-base-uncased")
```
この時点で残っている手順は次の 3 つだけです。
1. [`TrainingArguments`] でトレーニング ハイパーパラメータを定義します。唯一の必須パラメータは、モデルの保存場所を指定する `output_dir` です。 `push_to_hub=True`を設定して、このモデルをハブにプッシュします (モデルをアップロードするには、Hugging Face にサインインする必要があります)。
2. トレーニング引数をモデル、データセット、トークナイザー、データ照合器とともに [`Trainer`] に渡します。
3. [`~Trainer.train`] を呼び出してモデルを微調整します。
```py
>>> training_args = TrainingArguments(
... output_dir="my_awesome_qa_model",
... eval_strategy="epoch",
... learning_rate=2e-5,
... per_device_train_batch_size=16,
... per_device_eval_batch_size=16,
... num_train_epochs=3,
... weight_decay=0.01,
... push_to_hub=True,
... )
>>> trainer = Trainer(
... model=model,
... args=training_args,
... train_dataset=tokenized_squad["train"],
... eval_dataset=tokenized_squad["test"],
... processing_class=tokenizer,
... data_collator=data_collator,
... )
>>> trainer.train()
```
トレーニングが完了したら、 [`~transformers.Trainer.push_to_hub`] メソッドを使用してモデルをハブに共有し、誰もがモデルを使用できるようにします。
```py
>>> trainer.push_to_hub()
```
<Tip>
質問応答用のモデルを微調整する方法の詳細な例については、対応するドキュメントを参照してください。
[PyTorch ノートブック](https://colab.research.google.com/github/huggingface/notebooks/blob/main/examples/question_answering.ipynb)
または [TensorFlow ノートブック](https://colab.research.google.com/github/huggingface/notebooks/blob/main/examples/question_answering-tf.ipynb)。
</Tip>
## Evaluate
質問応答の評価には、大量の後処理が必要です。時間がかかりすぎないように、このガイドでは評価ステップを省略しています。 [`Trainer`] はトレーニング中に評価損失を計算するため、モデルのパフォーマンスについて完全に分からないわけではありません。
もっと時間があり、質問応答用のモデルを評価する方法に興味がある場合は、[質問応答](https://huggingface.co/course/chapter7/7?fw=pt#postprocessing) の章を参照してください。 🤗ハグフェイスコースから!
## Inference
モデルを微調整したので、それを推論に使用できるようになりました。
質問と、モデルに予測させたいコンテキストを考え出します。
```py
>>> question = "How many programming languages does BLOOM support?"
>>> context = "BLOOM has 176 billion parameters and can generate text in 46 languages natural languages and 13 programming languages."
```
推論用に微調整されたモデルを試す最も簡単な方法は、tokenizerとmodelを直接使用することです。テキストをトークン化して PyTorch テンソルを返します:
```py
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("my_awesome_qa_model")
>>> inputs = tokenizer(question, context, return_tensors="pt")
```
入力をモデルに渡し、`logits`を返します。
```py
>>> import torch
>>> from transformers import AutoModelForQuestionAnswering
>>> model = AutoModelForQuestionAnswering.from_pretrained("my_awesome_qa_model")
>>> with torch.no_grad():
... outputs = model(**inputs)
```
モデル出力から開始位置と終了位置の最も高い確率を取得します。
```py
>>> answer_start_index = outputs.start_logits.argmax()
>>> answer_end_index = outputs.end_logits.argmax()
```
予測されたトークンをデコードして答えを取得します。
```py
>>> predict_answer_tokens = inputs.input_ids[0, answer_start_index : answer_end_index + 1]
>>> tokenizer.decode(predict_answer_tokens)
'176 billion parameters and can generate text in 46 languages natural languages and 13'
```